About Fire Ants in Australia
Australia is home to many ant species, but only one is notably invasive: the Solenopsis invicta, commonly known as the fire ant. First detected in Brisbane in February 2001, these ants are believed to have arrived via shipping containers from the United States. Australia’s ideal climate, landscape, and lack of natural predators make it a perfect home for these pests. Although currently concentrated in Southeast Queensland, without ongoing efforts to curb their spread, they could extend well beyond Canberra.
The Threat of Fire Ants to Horticulture
If left unchecked, the damage inflicted by fire ants in Australia could surpass the combined impact of feral cats, wild dogs, foxes, camels, rabbits, and cane toads. The direct damage can be severe for commercial nurseries, highlighting the need for immediate action. Fire ants attack young plants and seeds, causing damage that can slow crop growth or kill seedlings. Infestations can also disrupt daily operations and pose risks to staff.
How Fire Ants Spread
Fire ants are notoriously difficult to contain due to their diverse methods of spread. They can move over or underground, travel through the air, and even float on water. Human activities further facilitate their distribution through the transport of organic material, plant pots, and contaminated machinery. The key to their colony’s relocation lies with the queen. While she primarily flies short distances, wind, humans, or other animals can inadvertently transport her and the colony to new locations.
Stop the Spread
The National Fire Ant Eradication Program (NFAEP) is dedicated to stopping the spread of these invasive ants. Their website provides comprehensive information on their efforts and actionable steps you can take. Key measures include:
- Regular inspections
- Biosecurity zones
- Movement restrictions
- Treatment programs
- Coverage of organic materials
